BASIC PRINCIPLES OF 2D / M MODE ECHO
Echo equipment
Basic, Advance
Principles of Doppler echo
CW / PW
Color Doppler
Fundamentals of cardiac anatomy in relevance to echo
Performance of echo
Echo windows
Operational modes
Pediatric echo
Basic principles Segmental sequential analysis
Physiological aspects of echo
Ventricular function
Diastolic function
Flows /pressures / shunts
TOE (trans-esophageal echo)
Preoperative echo
Fetal echo
3D / 4D echo
Normal views and values
VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION
LV systolic dysfunction
LV diastolic function
RV dysfunction
CARDIOMYOPATHIES
Dilated cardiomyopathies
Restrictive cardiomyopathies
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathies
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Indication for echo in CAD
Myocardial ischemia
Myocardial infraction Left ventricular dysfunction
Right ventricular dysfunction
Acute mitral regurgitation
Acute ventricular septal defect
Left ventricular aneurysm
Coronary artery anomalies
STRESS ECHO
Systemic hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension
AORTIC DISEASES
Congenital heart diseases
Ventricular septal defect
Atrial septal defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
Tetralogy of fallot
Eisenmenger reaction
VALVULAR DISEASES
Mitral valve
Tricuspid valve
Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
PERICARDIAL DISEASES Pericardial effusion
Cardiac temponade
Constrictive pericarditis
Endocardial diseases
Intracardiac mass
SYSTEMIC DISEASES
CLINICAL:
Understanding of echo equipment
Operationalization of echo / Doppler machine
Training in performance of a standard echo in adults and children
LL function assessment
Observation of advanced echo
TOE
Fetal
Per operative 3D / 4D
Interpretation ofechocardiogram