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Macronutrients in Human Nutrition - (MAN-601) (HND): Course Content

Macronutrients are the essential nutrients the body needs in large quantities to support energy needs, growth, and development.

Course Outline

Carbohydrates: nature, structures;
• Classification and functions of carbohydrates:
monosaccharaides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharaides;
• Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates: glycolitic pathway, glycolysis, glycogenesis, glycogen catabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway; Biosynthesis of carbohydrates: gluconeogenesis;
• Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism pathways; CHO metabolism in diabetes;
• Proteins: structural features, characteristics, functions; • Amino acids: biosynthesis and degradation, food sources (on the basis of their functions in human body);.
• Digestion and absorption; Metabolic fates of amino acids: deamination, transamination, Urea cycle, Ketogenic amino acids, Glucogenic amino acids, Protein metabolism in liver and kidney diseases, Protein energy malnutrition;
• Lipids – nature, classification; Fatty acids: saturated, unsaturated, polysaturated, glycerol, cholesterol, sterol; Lipoprotein systems (blood lipids);
• Fats biosynthesis: lipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; Lipid biosynthesis: cholesterol, sterol;
• Lipid oxidation; Essential fatty acids: sources, health benefits; Adipose tissues; Digestion, absorption, metabolism and transportation of lipids; Oxidation of fatty acids (beta oxidation); Ketone bodies.

Course Description and Learning Outcomes

Course Description:
The Macronutrients in Human Nutrition course explores the role of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in
maintaining health and supporting bodily functions. Students will learn about the digestion, metabolism,
and nutritional significance of each macronutrient. The course emphasizes the importance of balanced
macronutrient intake for optimal health and disease prevention.
Learning Outcomes:
•To abreast knowledge about the normal nutrient metabolism in healthy human
•To understand interactions between the intake, absorption, transport, processing, storage, catabolism and excretion of nutrients and the regulation of metabolic homeostasis in the intact organism