General Surgery for BDS: Course Outline

Core Knowledge and Principles of Surgery

• Physiological response to surgical trauma and homeostasis
• Wound and its repair
• Pathophysiology and management of shock including fluid and electrolyte imbalance
• Investigation and treatment of infections and parasitic infestations of surgical importance
• Hemorrhage blood transfusion and their implications
• Management of acutely injured & critically ill patients including aspiration pneumonia and embolic phenomenon
• Principles in the management of common skin and soft tissue problems: ulcers, abscesses, sinus & fistulae, swellings, embedded foreign bodies and minor injuries
• Principles of anaesthesia
• Nutrition of surgical patients

To deal with critical Situations

• Cardiac arrest
• Polytrauma with airway difficulty and circulatory instability
• Uncontrolled external hemorrhage
• Sudden upper repiratory tract obstruction
• Patient in hypovolumic or septicemic shock
• Tension pneumothorax
• Cardiac temponade
• Unconscious patient due to head injury
• Patient with gas gangrene and tatenus
• Bums

Knowledge of Systems and the Diseases

Head, Face and Neck

• Development abnormalities of face, palate, lip
• Principles of management of head injuries and its complications
• Oral region including tongue
• Diseases of salivary glands (inflammation, calculus, tumors)
• Neck lumps including lymphatics thyroid, parathyroid

Chest Wall & Thorax

• Blunt & penetrating injuries and their complications
• Lung abscess and empyema thoracis​
• Growth of cysts in the lungs

Gastro Intgestinal Tract

• Diseases causing oesophageal obstruction
• Peptic ulcer disease & its complications
• Tumors of stomach
• Conditions causing acute abdomen
• Conditions causing chronic abdomen including malignant lesions of small and large bowel

Abdominal, Pelvic and Genital Traumas and Hernias

• Principles in management of abdominal trauma
• Epigastric hernia
• Incisional hernia

Liver

• Trauma
• Obstructive jaundice
• Liver abscess
• Hydated cyst
• Malignancy (hepatoma&secondaries)

Gall Bladder

• Acute and chronic cholecystitis
• Cholelithiasis and its complications
• Malignancies

Pancreas

• Acute, relapsing and chronic pancreatitis
• Pancreatic masses including (benign, malignant) neoplasia

Skin & Soft Tissues

• Common benign and malignant skin lesions
• Wounds/ulcers/abscesses/sinuses/fistulae
• Soft tissue lumps

Orthopedics and Trauma

• Common congenital malformatios of locomotive system
• Bone fracture & their comp-lications
• Sports injuries and afflictions of tendons and bursae
• Bone and joint infections
• Arthritis
• Bone and cartilage tumours

Vascular and Nerve Disorders

• Vascular afflictions
• Varicosities
• Deep venous thrombosis
• Peripheral nerve injuries

Essential Skill to be Acquired

• Provide first aid: resuscitation (abc) of polytrauma, cpr
• Collect samples of blood, Urine, Sputum, Pus swab etc
• Understand the principles of pre-operative preparations, Sterilization/disinfecting techniques
• Understand principles of wound care, Skin suturing and suture removal, Incision and drainage of superficial abscesses, Excision of small soft tissue lumps, Needle biopsies, Aspiration of localized fluids, etc
• Have observed common surgical procedures, Treatment of fracture/dislocation and methods of general/local anesthesia
• Have observed instillation of chemotherapy and principles of radiotherapy