UNIT 1: Branches-differences
Organs of speech
Places of articulation
UNIT 2: IPS Symbols
Consonants
Vowels, Plosives
Place, Manner
Voicing, devoicing
Environmental effect
UNIT 3: Fricatives
Voicing-devoicing
Features
UNIT 4: Affricates
Place
Manner
UNIT 5:Laterals Semivowels
UNIT 6: Vowels
Short
Long
Diphthongs
UNIT 7: Stress and intonation
UNIT 8: High ,low,
weak, strong utterances