This course provides the knowledge and skills in fundamental organic chemistry and introductory biochemistry that are essential for further studies. It covers introduction to the biomolecules i.e. amino acid, proteins carbohydrates, fats, enzymes and nucleic acids. The nutritional biochemistry concludes the course
CELL
• Introduction to Biochemistry • Cell: (Biochemical Aspects) • Cell Membrane Structure • Membrane Proteins • Receptors & Signal Molecules
BODY FLUIDS
• Structure and properties of Water • Weak Acids & Bases • Concept of pH &pK • Buffers, their mechanism of action • Body buffers
BIOMOLECULES AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES & PROTEINS
• Amino acids: Classification • Acid-Base Properties • Functions & Significance • Protein Structure, Primary, Secondary & Super secondary. &, Structural Motifs • Tertiary & Quaternary Structures of Proteins • Protein Domains • Classification of Proteins • Fibrous proteins (collagens and elastins ) & Globular proteins
ENZYMES
• Introduction • Classification & Properties of Enzymes • Coenzymes • Isozymes & Proenzymes • Regulation & Inhibition of Enzyme activity & enzymes inhibitors • Clinical Diagnostic Enzymology
CARBOHYDRATES
• Definition • Classification • Biochemical Functions & Significance of Carbohydrates • Structure & Properties of Monosaccharides& Oligosaccharides • Structure & Properties of Polysaccharides • Bacterial cell Wall • Heteropolysaccharides
GAGS LIPIDS
• Classification of Lipids • Fatty Acids: Chemistry • Classification occurrence & Functions • Structure & Properties of Triacylglycerols and Complex Lipids • Classification & Functions of Eicosanoids • Cholesterol: Chemistry, Functions & Clinical Significance • Bile acids/salts.
NUCLEIC ACIDS
• Structure, Functions & Biochemical Role of Nucleotides • Structure & Functions of DNA • Structure & Functions of RNA.
NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS & TRACE ELEMENTS
• Sources • RDA • Biochemical Functions & Clinical Significance of Calcium & Phosphorus • Sources • RDA • Biochemical Functions & Clinical Significance of Sodium Potassium& Chloride • Metabolism of Iron, Cu, Zn, Mg, Mn, Se, I,F.
VITAMINS
• Sources • RDA • Biochemical Functions & Clinical Significance of Fat Soluble Vitamins.
NUTRITION
• Dietary Importance of Carbohydrates, Lipids & Proteins • Balanced Diet.
Describe cell and body fluids in the context of chemistry and human biochemistry • Discuss the properties, classification and functions of biomolecules with emphasis on amino acid, peptides, proteins, enzymes, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acid • Explain importance of nutritional biochemistry with emphasis on minerals, trace elements, vitamins and balance diet
