General pharmacology
Pharmacology​
- Definition of pharmacology
- History and its various branches
- Definition of drug and its various sources
Routes of drug administration
- Advantages and disadvantages
Pharmacokinetics
- Drug solubility and passage of drug across the biological membranes
- Absorption & distribution
- Metabolism and elimination of drugs and factors affecting them
- Various pharmacokinetic parameters including volume of distribution (vd)
- Clearance (cl)
- Biological half life (t1/2β) bioavailability and various factors affecting it dose
- Efficacy and potency of drugs
- Hypersensitivity and idiosyncratic reactions
- Drug tolerance and dependence
- Drug interactions
- Plasma protein binding
Pharmacodynamics
- How drugs act? receptors and their various types with special reference to their molecular structures
- Cell surface receptors
- Signal transduction by cell surface receptors
- Signaling Mediated by intra cellular receptors
- Target cell and hyper sensitization
- Pharmacological effects not mediated by receptors (for example anesthetics and cathartics) Ion channel
- Enzymes
- Carrier proteins
- Drug receptor interactions and theories of drug action
- Agonist
- Antagonist
- Partial agonist
- Inverse agonist
- Receptors internalization and receptors co-localization
- Physiological antagonism
- Pharmacological antagonism (competitive and non-competitive)
- Neutralization antagonism
- Neurotransmission and neuro-modulation
- Specificity of drug action and factors modifying the action & dosage of drugs
- Median lethal dose (LD:50)
- Median effective dose (ED:50) and therapeutic index
- Dose-response relationships
Drugs acting on autonomic nervous system (ans)
Organization of ANS its subdivisions and innervations
Neurotransmitters in ANS their synthesis release and fate
Sympathetic agonists
- Catecholamines and noncatecholamines
Sympathetic antagonists
- Adrenergic receptor blockers and neuron blockers
Parasympathetic (Cholinergic) agonists and cholinesterase enzyme inhibitors (anticholinesterases) parasympathetic antagonists
Ganglion stimulants and Ganglion blocker
Neuromuscular blockers
Drugs acting on gastrointestinal tract
Emetic and anti-emetics
Purgatives
Anti-diarrheal agents
Treatment of peptic & duodenal ulcer
- Antacids
- H2-Receptor antagonists
- Antimuscarinic agents
- Proton pump inhibitors
- Prostaglandin antagonists
- Gastrin receptor antagonist and cytoprotective agents
Drug treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases
Drugs affecting bile flow and cholelithiasis
The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics by 
Rang & dale's pharmacology review by 
Essentials of Medical Pharmacology by 
Board review series pharmacology by 
