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Microbiology (Nursing): Course Outline

Microbiology is the study of the biology of microscopic organisms - viruses, bacteria, algae, fungi, slime molds, and protozoa.

Course Outline

Microbiology                                          

Course Description:

This course is designed to furnish the learners with the knowledge of basic concepts and scientific principles of Microbiology. It facilitates the learners to learn the application of principles of Microbiology in hospital and community environment.

Course Objectives:

By the compilation of this course, learners will be able to:

  1. Explain the necessity of the knowledge of Microbiology needed when providing nursing care to the clients.
  2. Use basic principles of Microbiology in nursing practice, in a hospital and community environment.
  3. Demonstrate the skills learnt in the laboratory to carryout simple laboratory experiments.Teaching/Learning Strategies:

Lecture, discussion, mall group projects, group discussion, presentation, self study, laboratory work and demonstration, Pre/Post tests.

UNIT OBJECTIVE:

Unit I: Introduction to Microbiology

In this unit learners will be introduced to Microbiology and its importance in nursing practice learners will also be introduced with microbes and their types.a

At the completion of this unit learners will be able to:

  1. Define microbiology.
  2. Explain the importance of microbiology in nursing practice
  3. List the contribution of the following scientists in the field of microbiology.
    • A. V. Leeunvenhork
    • F. Redi
    • L.. Pasteur
    • R. Koch
  4. Distinguish between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell.
  5. List some basic properties of virus
  6. List basic nutritional requirements of microorganisms
  7. Classify bacteria on the bases of their nutritional requirement and morphology

Unit II: Control of Microorganisms

In this unit learners will explore different physical and chemical methods to control the microbial growth. They will also discuss some therapeutic uses of chemicals.

At the completion of this unit learners will be able to:

  1. Explain importance of the control of microbial growth.
  2. Describe some physical and chemical methods to control microbial growth
  3. Define   the   terms   i.e.   sterilization,   antiseptic,   asepsis,   aseptic, macrobiotic, microbiacidal, antibiotic etc.
  4. Differentiate    between    broad    spectrum    and    narrow    spectrum antibiotics.

Unit III:        Defence Mechanisms of the Body

This unit focuses on the resistance of the body which microorganism’s encounter where they enter in the human body. This unit highlights the importance of the resistance or defense of the body which will help learners in understanding that why infection occurs some times and not always.

At the completion of this unit learners will be able to:

  1. Explain the role of good health in protection against the microbial infection.
  2. Define resistance and susceptibility.
  3. Define nonspecific resistance.
  4. Describe the role of the skin and mucous membrane in non specific resistance.
  5. Explain the process of phagocytosis.
  6. Define the specific resistance, innate resistance and immunity.
  7. Explain four types of acquired immunity.
  8. Differentiate between humoral and cell mediated immunity.
  9. Define antigens and antibodies.
  10. List the five classes of antibodies and their functions.
  11. Explain the role of memory, tolerance and specificity in immunity.
  12. Distinguish between primary and secondary immune response.
  13. Define Hypersensitivity.
  14. Differentiate between delayed and immediate Hypersensitivity.
Unit IV:       Concept of Asepsis: Medical & Surgical Asepsis
At the end of the session learners will be able to:

Identify the six components of chain of infection.

  1. Explain examples of ways that infection may occur
  2. Describe factors that increase the risk of infection in various settings.
  3. Discuss the role of health care personnel and health in infection control.

UNIT V: Concept of Isolation

At the end of this unit, learners will be able to:

  1. Define Isolation.
  2. Identify types of Isolation.
  3. Relate isolation to the chain of infection cycle.
  4. Identify nursing responsibilities in each type of isolation.
 

Unit VI: Human and Microbial Interaction

In this unit learners will learn about the beneficial and harmful role of microorganisms. They will also learn about some diseases caused by these microorganisms.

At the completion of this unit learners will be able to:

  1. Define normal flora of the body.
  2. Differentiate between resident and transient normal flora.
  3. List at least three beneficial role of normal flora.
  4. Define nosocomial infections.
  5. List at least three measures to control nosocomial infections.
  6. Describe some pathogenic microbes and diseases i.e. tetanus, typhoid, cholera, diphtheria, tuberculosis, pertusis, mumps, measles, polio, influenza ascariasis, teaniasis and dermatomycosis.

 

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