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Industrial Pharmacy: Pharmaceutics IV A (614) (615)

Course Content

1. Mass Transfer.
2. Heat Transfer.
3. DRYING: Theories of drying, Drying of Solids, Classification of dryers, General Methods, Fluidized Bed systems, Pneumatic systems, Spray dryer, Freeze dying.
4. MIXING: Fundamentals, Mechanisms, Mixing Equipment used in Liquid/Liquid, Liquid/Solid and solid/solid mixing, Communition (size reduction), Reasons for size reduction, Factors affecting size reduction, size analysis, Sieving, Energy Mills (Ball Mill, Endrumer, Edge Rumer, Disintegrant, Colloid Mill, Hammer Mill, Cutter Mill, and Fluid Energy Mill etc.).
5. COMMUNITION (SIZE REDUCTION): Reasons for size reduction, Factors affecting size reduction, size analysis, Sieving, Energy Mills (Ball Mill, Endrumer, Edge Rumer, Disintegrant, Colloid Mill, Hammer Mill, Cutter Mill, and Fluid Energy Mill etc.).
6. CLARIFICATION AND FILTRATION: Theory, Filter media, Filter aids, Filter selection and Equipment (Leaf filter, Filter press, Melta filters and Rotary filters).
7. EVAPORATION: General principles of Evaporation, Evaporators and Evaporation under reduced pressure.
8. COMPRESSION AND COMPACTION: The solid-air Interface, Angle of Repose, Flow rates, Mass volume relationship, Density, Heckel Plots, Consolidation, Granulation, Friability, Compression (dry method, wet method, slugging), Physics of Tabletting, tabletting machines and other equipment required, problems involved in tabletting, tablet coating, Capsulation (Hard and Soft gelatin capsules).

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Reference Books